In most cases, for serious accurate work there are specialized instruments for the job, but even with a budget for such things, a function generator is useful for quick and dirty experiments of all kinds. If you're into experimental physics, pulses that you control in fine detail can be useful in controlling equipment, data acquistion, strobing to observe fast repetitive phenomena. Ramp waves are good to sweep oscillators over a frequency range, which is also good for testing linear filters, and also circuits like mixers, modulators/demodulators, and audio testing. Triangles and squares are good for testing amplifiers - our eyes aren't sensitive to small deviations from a sine, but are very good at seeing problems with straight lines and square corners. The function generator described in this project also has a digitally controlled gain, allowing the Arduino to control the amplitude of the output waveforms. Less expensive generators have poor sine waves (look at the THD). It can be done by using an AD9833 function generator IC connected to an Arduino. For accuracy, the sines have to be low distortion. Sines are good for testing linear filters, taking measurements at specific frequencies. A more important question is: which waveforms will you need, and at what quality? It's likely to be useful for almost anyone into electronics who's gone beyond building crystal radios and blinking LEDs. These generators also use DDS for the production of standard waveforms (function generator mode), but use a variable clock. I like to play with waveshaping and signal processing, so a good versatile function generator is one of my favorite instruments. The project was tested and observed that it cut off supply as soon as the microcontroller senses an overload on the system by the user.Depends on what waveforms would be useful in everyday work. The work was fairly successful and there liability level expected is commendable as this may also create room for improvement. By implementation of this scheme the problem of interruption of supply due to generator overloading can be avoided. The main aim of the work is to provide a non-interrupted power supply to the energy consumers. The method used in the project provides necessary stages from overload detection to switching/cutting off supply. This is achieved by using a microcontroller PIC16F877A to automatically detect an overload and subsequently cut off supply. The control system for controlling the AC loads will be selected within a power range of 500W. The microcontroller based load sharing and control system is a device that automatically controls overload on a generator by sharing power and cut off supply once the power consumption exceeds the amount of power supplied. Since you have to be physically close to the alarm to hear it, you might not get notified in time to actually prevent overload. The one inherent problem with standard power sharing and monitoring units is their broadcast strength. The possible damage areas are affected by losing power. Power failure is a short or long term loss of electric power to an area mostly cost cause by short circuit, damage to electric transmission line, overvoltage, faults at power stations and more commonly failure due to overloading. The different PWM techniques are Single-pulse modulation, Multiple pulse modulation and Sinusoidal pulse width modulation, Modified sinusoidal pulse width modulation, Harmonics Injected modulation, Phase Displacement control, stepped modulation, staircase modulation, trapezoidal modulation and selected harmonics modulation are implemented using microcontroller in software and hardware. In this project study and comparison of different types of pulse width modulation controlled methods are implemented. The advantages of PWM based switching power converter over linear power amplifier are Lower power dissipation, Easy to implement and control, No temperature variation and aging-caused drifting or degradation in linearity and Compatible with today’s digital micro-processors. A opto-isolator is used to feed the pulses from the microcontroller to the inverter. Microcontroller is used to produce different types of pulse width modulation techniques and those pulses are fed to the inverter. The microcontroller is the most efficient tool for generating various pulse width modulation techniques. In this project, we have generated ten different types of pulse width modulation techniques for inverters.
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